Monday, October 20, 2008

Cute Bat Mitzvah Dresses

Insediamenti valdesi




In questa cartina presento un quadro sintetico delle presenze occitano-valdesi in Calabria, traendone le notizie essenzialmente dal volume di Antonio Perrotta, I valdesi a San Sisto, Guardia, Montalto, San Vincenzo, Vaccarizzo, Argentina e Piano dei Rossi , Pellegrini, Cosenza, 2005 .
Traggo invece dal volume di Cesare Colafemmina, Per la storia degli ebrei in Calabria. Saggi e documenti , Rubbettino, Soveria Mannelli, 1996 , la segnalazione di due luoghi che si trovano al di fuori della cartina grande.




Sono segnate in rosso le principali località historical settlement: Caldopiano, Greek, Guardia Piemontese, Montalto Uffugo, San Sisto of the Waldensians, San Vincenzo La Costa, Santa Maria La Castagna (they were also present in other fractions, but they are not marked on the map).

locations marked in blue are of different nature: Argentino (or Argentina), Piano dei Rossi and Vaccarizzo, from which they migrated after the first settlement, Cosenza, where perhaps there were sporadic appearances, and that is due to land Waldensian blood that we shed many of them, Bisignano, who had some presence sporatica; Fuscaldo, Mottafollone and Tarsia, where resided there after the forced conversion.

purple and reported the Jesuits, where è sicuro se furono presenti prima della strage dell'Inquisizione del 1561, o se vi furono solo deportati alcuni di loro come "convertiti".
Mi scuso anticipatamente per eventuali errori e omissioni, che cercherò di verificare e correggere al più presto.

Wednesday, October 8, 2008

Where Can I Find Red Violet Hair Color

Legge regionale 2003/15 per la tutela delle minoranze

Pubblico il testo della legge emanata dalla Regione Calabria che tutela la lingua e il patrimonio culturale delle nostre minoranze.
Cercherò in seguito di analizzarla, verificandone anche l'attuazione o meno.


LEGGE REGIONALE 30 ottobre 2003, n. 15
Norme per la tutela e la valorizzazione della lingua e del patrimonio culturale delle minoranze linguistiche e storiche di Calabria.

TITLE
Recognition of historical linguistic minorities of Calabria


Article 1 Purpose of the Law
1. The Calabria Region recognizes that the protection and promotion of minority languages \u200b\u200bcontribute to building a Europe based on the principles of democracy and respect for cultural diversity and, in implementation of Article 6 of the Constitution and Art. 56 of the Statute regional letter 'r', with its regional law, under Articles 2 and 3 of Law 15 December 1999, no 482, the protection of the population speak Albanian, Hellenistic and Occitan of Calabria and promotes the use and disclosure of their linguistic heritage, cultural and material.
2. The Calabria Region adapting their legislation to the principles of this law in promoting the assembly and municipal consortia formation in the autonomous community of those minority communities in its territory and in the redefinition of the administrative organization identifies a state guarantee for the enhancement of territory and the recovery of its economic potential and environmental with their cultural heritage.
3. The territorial and sub-city in which the provisions of protection of historical linguistic minorities each is provided for in paragraph 3, Art. A Presidential Decree of 2 May 2001, n. 345 and adopted by the provincial councils in its implementation.
Article 2
Defining cultural
1. In implementing Law No 15/12/1999 482, art. 56, letter 'r' of the regional statute and in harmony with the general principles established by the European and international cultural heritage of Commons are referred to in Article 1 of this law, language, literary heritage, historical and archival, the ritual religious, song, music and folk dance, theater, visual arts and sacred art, the particular features of urban planning, architecture and monuments, the ancient settlements, le istituzioni educative, formative e religiose storiche, le tradizioni popolari, la cultura materiale, il costume, l’artigianato tipico e artistico, la tipicizzazione dei prodotti agro-alimentari, la gastronomia tipica, e qualsiasi altro aspetto della cultura materiale e sociale.

TITOLO II
Alfabetizzazione, insegnamento e ordinamento scolastico, formazione
Art. 3
Insegnamento bilingue
1. I criteri generali per l’attuazione dell’art. 4 della legge 482 sono indicati dal Ministero della pubblica istruzione con propri decreti.
2. La Regione Calabria li adotta e si adopera affinche´ nelle scuole di ogni ordine e grado in the municipalities of Article. 1 of this law is set up bilingual education within the education and training activities and in accordance with national laws on education. Article 4

speeches in favor of additional educational activities
1. The Region supports and funds projects in literacy and language learning Albanian, Greek and Occitan in kindergartens, primary and secondary schools in those municipalities where large groups of people are present alloglot. If it is not possible to include the study of Albanian, Greek and Occitan in the normal school hours, it will be the Calabria region cooperate with municipalities, with their Consortia, the provinces and schools that 'courses are organized in the afternoon. These courses will be held on school premises, with the assent of the school or elsewhere as appropriate.
Article 5
content and organization of teaching activities
1. Projects must be carried out, preferably through the use of minority languages. 2. Language teaching must be kept by the teachers holding a bachelor's degree, umanisticopedagogica area, equipped with formal evidence of actual knowledge of Albanian, Greek, Occitan.
Article 6
Sizing school
1. For the size of educational institutions and for the determination of organic functional of individual schools in the municipalities referred to in Article 1 of this Act, having regard to paragraph 3 of Presidential Decree of June 18, 1998, No 233, priority is allowed to aggregate contiguous areas and vertical field. Article 7

literacy courses
1. The Region, as part of the operations covered by this law, supports the teaching, training and research promoted by the regional university system for the development of language and culture of the Albanian minority, Hellenistic and Occitan in Calabria.
2. The Calabria Region to To facilitate the objectives of this Act program throughout the territory of the municipalities concerned language refresher courses for employees of public institutions referred to in Articles 7, 8, 9 of the Law of 15 December 1999, n. 482.
3. It may set up free classes of linguistic literacy for all citizens of the municipalities referred to in Article 1 of this Act, to be managed by educational institutes, public bodies or associations recognized.
4. It may set up special schools for the training of language and tourism, training in art and music, traditional crafts and other activities aimed at promoting public education and promotion of community linguistic and cultural diversity.

TITLE III
institutions and cultural activities
Article 8
Regional Committee for linguistic minorities
1. For the programming of activities under this Act, for the targeting of resources devoted to the protection and promotion of linguistic communities has established a Regional Committee for the linguistic minorities of Calabria consists of:
a) Councillor for culture or his delegate;
b ) 4 Albanian mayors, two mayors grecanici, the Mayor of Guardia Piemontese proposed by the Conference of Mayors;
c) 4 persons speaking languages subject to protection from the Register of Associations and reported, of which 2 of the Albanian language, a language and a Greek-speaking Occitan,
d) 2 experts selected from the historical linguistics and / or anthropology of the University of Cosenza and Reggio Calabria.
2. The Committee is appointed by the President of the Regional Council on the designation of the competent and shall hold office for the duration of the legislature. Its powers are, however, be extended until the inauguration of the new Committee.
3. The meetings are chaired by the Culture or his delegate.
4. Participation in meetings does not give right to any compensation. The reimbursement of expenses for claimants is to regional budget.
5. The secretariat of the Committee shall be conducted by an official of the Culture of no less than the category D.
6. The Committee shall prepare the draft annual program of educational and cultural activities for the enhancement of community alloglot.
7. The Committee evaluates the proposals and projects received by the Region taking into account available funding, the productivity of operations by distributing resources equitably among the three language communities.
Article 9
Approval
1. The Regional Government, on the basis of proposals received by the Committee, approves the action by 1 November each year. Article 10

regional institutes of culture
1. Under Article 16 of Law 15 December 1999, no 482 are set up three regional institutes: a) is established in San Demetrio Corone at the College of italoalbanese Sant'Adriano, the Regional Institute for Community Arberesh of Calabria;
b) is established, based in Bova Marina, the Institute Institute of Regional Studies Ellen-Calabria (IRSSEC) for the Greek community in Calabria;
c) is established in Guardia Piemontese Regional Institute for Occitan community of Calabria;
d) the Regional Council in the regional programming under 'Art. 8 è autorizzata ad istituire nuovi Centri o Istituti di ricerca o Sezioni decentrate.
Art. 11
Conferenza regionale dei Comuni alloglotti
1. Nelle Province di Cosenza, Reggio Calabria, Crotone e Catanzaro è costituita la Conferenza Regionale dei Comuni alloglotti di cui all’articolo 1 della presente legge. Essa è composta dai Sindaci dei Comuni o un loro delegato, dai Presidenti delle Province o da un loro delegato, da 5 rappresentanti delle Associazioni di cui 3 per la minoranza albanese, 1 per la minoranza greca, 1 per la minoranza occitanica.
Art. 12
Funzionamento e gestione degli Istituti regionali e della Conferenza regionale dei Comuni Alloglotti
1. The Regional Conference of Municipalities alloglot referred to in Article 11 and the regional institutes of culture, referred to in Article 10 shall be governed by specific statutes that will indicate the tasks, and any articulation organs of these bodies.
2. Consultation with interested bodies, the statutes will be prepared by CO.RE.MIL Calabria within six months of its constitution and submitted to the Regional Government and, from this, the approval of the Regional Council within ninety days of submission. After sixty days from the deadline, the statutes are deemed to be approved. Article 13

associations and voluntary
1. The Region Calabria recognizes the cultural associations and the local press of the Albanian language, Hellenistic and Occitan and considers them a vital tool of protection, enhancement and promotion of language and cultural-historical heritage.
2. Establishing a special fund for cultural, artistic, scientific, economic, educational, tourist, recreational, social, welfare, solidarity, in favor of the celebrations, exhibitions, conferences and study other initiatives aimed at conserving, enhancing and promoting the linguistic heritage, ethnic, artistic, historical, cultural minorities provided by Article 1 of this law on the entire region and nationally, as well as' in favor of initiatives to meet the needs of migration and relations with countries of origin.
3. Under Article 4 of the AL April 19, 1985 No 16 recognizes the cultural activities of groups operating for the protection and promotion of linguistic communities, establishing an appropriate regional register. Article 14

of associations
1. For the benefits of this law are favored forms of cooperation or partnerships between the municipalities.
2. In accordance with the laws of the State and the Calabria region will be encouraged and enhanced by suitable means the establishment of consortia, cooperatives, non-profit organization or any other form of voluntary to protect the interests of those populations.
3. I'm still favored and encouraged the efforts of private, individual or group for the development of infrastructure, museums, hotels and restaurants. Article 15

speeches promoting cultural
1. The Region promotes and supports, on the basis of specific orientations, cultural and artistic activities in the following subject areas:
a) studies, research and surveys on the state language of the communities referred to in Article 1, creating a database of testimonials and historical materials, archives, ethnology, folklore collection and compilation of linguistic repertoires Albanian, Greek and Occitan, editing and publishing of atlases, maps and other documents of historical areas, cultural and linguistic
organization of seminars, workshops, poetry competitions, literary awards, research, testing and documentation on issues regarding the history, economics, society, traditions and cultural heritage, art and languages,
b) printing and production of audiovisual and other media; editions of newspapers and magazines in Albanian, Greek and Occitan for developing and disseminating knowledge of the history, language , culture and traditions of minority language groups, publications and dissemination of scientific books on culture and Albanian, Greek, and Occitan, information and promotional activities through mass media;
c) information and refresher courses for teachers, competitions among the students and other extra-curricular activities aimed at the knowledge of the history, culture, language and traditions of the municipalities covered by this law;
d) preparation and organization of theater, music and dance for the knowledge and dissemination of cultural heritage Albanian, greek and Occitan;
e) collection and study of place names in local dialects of Albania greek and Occitan and its scientific publications, in order to highlight, through appropriate signs, place names original;
f) cultural exchanges, especially in schools with other communities of Albanian, Greek and Occitan in Italy and abroad;
g) relations between the communities of Albanian, Greek and Occitan and communities of immigrants from Calabria to 'abroad who have preserved and passed down the language and traditions of the original places.
Art Festival 16
Arberesh and music center
1. The Calabria Region recognizes the special feature creative, promotional and International Song Festival Arberesh and therefore the need for special annual funding for the continuation and strengthening of the event.
2. Establishing the region of Calabria the center of music and popular song Arberesh as a means of historical documentation, research and preservation of music cataloging singing songs.
3. The Calabria Region promotes similar initiative referred to in paragraph 1 for the other two linguistic communities. Article 17

printing, publishing, radio, television
1. The Calabria Region grant special financial support to press, the editorial part of the linguistic and cultural communities, subject to fees under the law for publishing. Article 18

Television programming
1. On the basis of agreements to be concluded between the Region and the regional headquarters for the RAI Calabria and commercial broadcasters felt the CO.RE.COM. Calabria, the regional radio and television programs have included cultural programs, education and entertainment in minority languages \u200b\u200bAlbanian, Greek, Occitan. Article 19

Intervention Special
1. For 2003-2004, the region of Calabria is a special fund of C 1,000,000.00 which economic fund for a special action plan aimed at the following activities:
a) recovery of the original forms of names and last names of the languages \u200b\u200bof interest of this Act. Every citizen resident in the region can obtain a refund from their municipalities of charges for the exchange of master name, in accordance with Article 11 of Law 15 December 1999, no 482, provided that 'demonstrable authenticity of the claim;
b) survey the entire region, with arrangements for the census, the population alloglot;
c) cataloging and archiving of local dialects of the municipalities referred to in Article 1 of this Act. The project, believed to be pressing for the preservation of forms of expression at risk of extinction, will be made by cultural institutions and associations recognized. The same action is then extended to attendance at places of emigration foreign language;
d) funding Provinces and municipalities for study, design and installation of bilingual road signs, road and place names of bilingual road, the recovery of ancient place names used in popular language;
e) special benefits through grants for the installation of advertising signs bilingual. Article 20

cultural exchanges with countries of origin
1. The Calabria Region, the provinces and local authorities facilitate and encourage the relationship between language communities and nations of origin.

TITLE IV
Protection of socio-economic and environmental interests
Article 21
Protection socio-economic
1. The protection of cultural and linguistic communities also affects the regional socio-economic and environmental interests that form the basis of their existence and preservation. Of this interest takes into account the region of Calabria in the preparation and approval of regional plans of development, zoning, housing plans and building economies and populations in developing plans for environmental protection and forestry, in the consolidation and expansion the road system and road network.
2. The plans for economic planning, social and urban planning and their implementation in the territories inhabited by populations of the current law should follow the principle of not altering the ethnic and cultural areas. Article 22

religious artistic heritage
1. For the sacred buildings and places of worship in the liturgy of the Greek Church, under this law will set up a dedicated special fund to complete, consistent with applicable laws and protection of constraints, the work of architecture Orientalisation Eastern iconography and sacred. Article 23

ancient settlements
1. Are protected and safeguard the centers of the ancient settlements of cultural and linguistic communities. Particular attention is paid to the protection of Italian-Albanian gjitonia Greek organization and anthropological, social and urban Italian-Albanian village, scientifically recognized as a unique blend of urban and social life of the oriental type. Article 24

key services
1. The locations and levels of any school, health facilities, post offices and administrative services are considered essential to the defense of culture and territory of the municipalities referred to in art. 1 of this law.


TITLE V Final provisions Article 25

financial rules and final
1. Obligations arising from Article. 10 of this law, certain for 2003 in C200.000, 00, is provided with the resources available all'UPB 8.1.01.01 of the estimates of expenditure of the budget itself, the inherent Provisions for pending legislation bearing on current expenditure "whose allocation is reduced by the same amount.
2. The budget of the preceding paragraph is used in the current year by putting the power of the charge to 5.2.01.02 UPB of the estimates of expenditure of the 2003 budget. The Regional Council is empowered to make such consequential changes to the technical documentation referred to in Article. Regional Law 10 of February 4, 2002, No 8.
3. For subsequent years la copertura degli oneri legislativi relativi è assicurata con l’approvazione del bilancio di previsione annuale e con la legge finanziaria di accompagnamento.
4. La presente legge entra in vigore il giorno successivo a quello della sua pubblicazione nel Bollettino Ufficiale della Regione. La presente legge regionale sarà pubblicata nel Bollettino Ufficiale della Regione Calabria.È fatto obbligo, a chiunque spetti, di osservarla e farla osservare come legge della Regione Calabria.

Catanzaro, lì 30 ottobre 2003

Il Presidente
Chiaravalloti

Tuesday, October 7, 2008

Ovulation Vs. Discharge

Ottobre, piovono libri!

L'interessante evento “ October raining books "includes a number of initiatives
concerning ethnic minorities, and those
Calabria in particular.
Here's the view. Unfortunately
shows the locations, but not
locations:
I hope to learn more.


Vaccarizzo (CS), S. Constantine Albanian (PZ), Melpignano (LE) and Oristano
From October 6 to 18
for insulation. Cultures of minorities
Highlands events and tourism in collaboration with the Center for Books and reading

The initiative aims to encourage the exchange and comparison between different linguistic minorities in Italy, with particular reference to the south. Literature and music are, therefore, the privileged environment in which this dialogue will take place in the conviction that among the different expressive registers, are the ones that facilitate communication: the involvement of renowned authors as Carmine Abate or eminent scholars and directors, as Marcello Marras or Sergio Blasi, will emphasize the public's attention, encouraging further penetration and exchange between systems and expressive language common but differentiated differently.

Info: 339 2642365 info@inaltipiani.it


Cosenza, Campobasso, POWER, ROMA
From October 6 to 18
minority cultures
Highlands events and tourism

The initiative aims to promote the exchange and comparison between different language communities arbëresh, with particular reference to Basilicata, Calabria and Molise, and also with other linguistic minorities of southern Italy, with particular reference to grecanici d'Aspromonte and the community greek-Salento. Literature and music are, therefore, the privileged environment in which this dialogue takes place in the belief that, among different expressive registers, are the ones that facilitate communication means involving renowned writers like Carmine Abate or eminent scholars and administrators, as Mario Alberto Cirese or Sergio Blasi, enhances the public's attention, encouraging further interpenetration and exchange systems between expressive language and common but differentiated differently.

Info: 339 2642365 info@inaltipiani.it


Carosino (TA)
October 31 Conference Hall of the Centro Studi e Ricerche "Francesco Grisi" The
arbereshe (Italian Albanian) and the Mediterranean, with presentation of the book "The Mediterranean experience" Pierfranco Bruni
Promoted by: Irala - Research Institute for the arts and literature
conference on the role of linguistic minorities in Italy with particular attention to Arbereshe between literature and music.

Info: micolcultura@alice.it

Monday, October 6, 2008

Samoan Bible For Sale

Popoli islamici

arms! To arms! The bell person:
Turks on them arrived at the marina!
For centuries, this cry has echoed down almost all the Italian coasts, and with particular intensity along our own. Remained in the historical memory of the elderly, the memory of the raids "Saracen," which has led to much of our history, influencing the language and culture.

in Calabria both raids (for over a millennium since the early 800 AD, is recorded on the last attempted incursion in 1842 off Punta Stilo!) which, with temporary workers and the establishment of small emirates in various locations (Squillace, Santa Severina, Amantea, etc..), the "Arabs" (variously known as Turks, Saracens, Moors, agareni, and in other ways) were not really such.
What unified them was the common religion of Islam, but actually came from a huge area stretching from the far West and Far East of the Mediterranean basin.
Although they were raiders and plunderers, shook intense commercial and economic relations with Calabria, which passed on not only terror, but also culture and technological knowledge. With them came
crops such as jasmine or several citrus bergamot, and perhaps oranges, mandarins and lemons.
were still one of the factors that caused the loss of our land, not least the impoverished population, with the capture of slaves, and abandoning the coast.
must be said that the capture and the slave trade was also practiced by Christians toward the Muslim population. And one must also add
che in alcuni casi gli stessi calabresi, oppressi dalla miseria, si facevano catturare, nella speranza di un futuro migliore, o quanto meno di non morire di fame.

Uluj Alì (Occhialì)
Emblematica in questo senso la vicenda del pirata Occhialì, che, catturato dai turchi, si convertì all’islam, raggiunse posizioni di prestigio e guidò svariate incursioni in quella che una volta era la sua terra.
Oppure di Scipione Cicala (sebbene per alcuni fosse siciliano o genovese), sul quale resta una strofa di un antico canto popolare:
Arrivaru li turchi, a la marina
Cu Scipioni Cicala e novanta galeri.
Na matina di maggiu,
Cirò vozzi coraggiu
Mentre poi a settembri, toccò a Riggiu.
Genti fujiti, jiti a la muntagna,
Accussì di li turchi nessuno vi pigghia!


Dei rapporti e della dominazione testimoniano molte parole entrate nel nostro vocabolario: zirru, giarra , tafareda (contenitori); articoli commerciati erano fjannacca (collana) e juppuni (camicia femminile), e del linguaggio commerciale fanno parte anche magazeni e tamarru (venditore di datteri); tùmanu (unit land), mazara (stone to crush the food prepared in salting), gebia (basin irrigation), farruba (carob), zàccanu (enclosure for animals), seine (fishing net) show the influence techniques in food, and words like Guajara (hernia) and limbiccu (still, to produce the ' alcohol) belong to the medical and pharmaceutical field.
Finally, turcju ( turculus small turkish =) was the child died without baptism, surace ( syriakè = Syrian) were the beans.
are traces in the names of some countries: Saracen , Bagaladi (from Baha'llah = Splendor of God), and Alton was originally called Brahalla ( Baraka'llah = Blessing of God) and many districts and towns: Saracen Tower variously present Stone Caliph to Stylus, and many others. Of the remaining
Muslims or descendants of those who were the first masters or slaves captured by pirates "Christians" are some names: Ali, Morabito, Modafferi, Alfaro, etc.. and perhaps Armocida; source "Turkish" could be the ancestors of many Turkish families, Saraceno, Lomoro.
According to some, the past of invasions remains a distrust of Forastera, and the ancestral remains of Islamic and submit resignation to fate, but this is an area much more difficult to deal with.

Today we witness a return of Arab and Muslim elements of a completely different kind: the Kurds, Iraqis, Afghans, Somalis and the Maghreb.
E 'the phenomenon of migration: the movement of peoples have always happened and always will occur, we can not but be pleased that today we do not carry out illegal immigration as peaceful and "annoying."
In this area, Calabria, next to all the problems that we know, shows the phenomena of integration with mutual cultural enrichment, and economical.

Thursday, October 2, 2008

My White Wife Wants To Have A Black Baby Story

Grecìa calabrese

present a very brief introduction to grecanici of Calabria, and perhaps very small ethnic group (in spite of the numerous and generous efforts to maintain and develop) being disappeared.
would be a shame, because we all Calabrian were below the Sila (where until the twelfth century, where up to XIX) grecanici, and deep among us are the traces of the greek: in language, rituals, traditions, culture.
also three maps, which, in their diversity present in the area Hellenistic, show how difficult it is to identify the true extent of current.

I recommend: the title to read Grec ì a,
with an emphasis on the , and Gr is CIA with an emphasis on and !

As for the source language of the Hellenistic, collide two schools of thought. According to Gerhard Rohlfs
(The first, unforgettable and memorable, and still the greatest scholar of the Hellenistic language of Calabria and Puglia and Calabria in general), it originated directly from the language spoken by the settlers of Magna Graecia.
many scholars agree with him, especially foreigners and Greeks in particular, while many others (especially Italians) will trace the origin to the Byzantine period, during which, according to others, but had only a strengthening and renewal of Greek language.
The question is, and I believe it is destined to remain, unresolved, as is one that others take several arguments in support of their argument.
Of course, if it is shown (As seems to be proven) to remain in Calabria and Puglia and terms of linguistic phenomena that can only have originated thousands of years ...
What is certain however, is that in past centuries the spread of grecanico in Calabria is much larger than it currently is, as you can see in this first map, where in addition to areas where it is currently talking greek shall be reported in the areas where it is spoken in the past centuries: each color corresponds to a time limit up to which seems to have been spoken grecanico, since the fifteenth century.



Beyond the question of origins (still unresolved) and the historical presence of up to centuries grecanico past (on which there is general agreement instead), you may also notice a difference as to which areas of the current spread of grecanico, as you can see from this second map, published on the beautiful site Misiti in which I highlighted with a blue rectangle areas where there is talk (unfortunately mostly just older!) Grecanico, while other places simply are part of the area marked "administrative" call Hellenistic, which are mostly countries where the language was spoken until relatively recently, while others do not remain for centuries, which tracks language.
The third map, site Grecìa Calabria, does not distinguish between countries that speak grecanico now and where we no longer speak, and also outlines an area grecanica different from both previous maps.
As you see, is more urgent than ever study of our region, before he completely loses its authenticity.

Tuesday, September 30, 2008

How To Take Bearings Out Of A Metal Core

Valdesi in Calabria oggi

We have seen previously a brief summary of Occitan history of Calabria, exterminated because of their faith Valdese. Let's see the current admissions
Waldenses in Calabria, through the reality of the 'Union of
Waldensian and Methodist Churches.



Currently the Waldenses in Calabria there are five churches and two institutions.
The churches are those of Catanzaro, Cosenza, Dipignano (CS), Vincolise Magis (CZ) and Reggio Calabria.
The two institutions are the Casa Valdese in Guardia Piemontese (CZ) and the Bethel Gospel Center in Sila.

CHURCHES

The two communities of Catanzaro and Vincolise Magisano to act in close cooperation, and with a long common history. A Catanzaro
originated by Antonio Greek hero of the Risorgimento, Garibaldi appointed pro-dictator for Calabria, then Member of Parliament of Italy.
A Magisano, in the early '900, Ernrico Scorza, together with the whole family converted from older brothers ( in the side photo, the brothers Scorza ) returned from America where he had emigrated, was the main instigator of Community, which evolved to the point of being attacked by villagers instigated by the local Catholic priest.
Today the two communities are around a hundred of the faithful, and the Commonwealth of Catanzaro gave the world the popular evangelical pastor Sergio Rostagno.

Twins are also community of Dipignano e Cosenza , delle quali la prima, come quella di Vincolise, nasce ai primi del secolo scorso, ed anche qui c'è una storia di emigrazione e di ritorno.
Il primo evangelico fu Francesco Scornaienchi, convertito nel 1902 da un compagno di lavoro.
Dopo l'emigrazione in vari paesi, sia per motivi di lavoro che di evangelizzazione, torna a Dipignano, dove, con molte difficoltà converte prima i familiari e poi anche altri, iniziando a tenere il culto nella sua abitazione.
Intanto, intorno al 1930, il pastore metodista Alfredo Franco, fonda la chiesa di Cosenza, visitando anche la comunità di Dipignano.
Nel 1942 la comunità di Cosenza (e le comunità minori of painting and Aprigliano, the short-lived) Party to the Waldensian Church, in 1945 the members of this community are about fifty.
in 1968 is finally built the first public building for worship, which until then was held in private homes, and in the 80s Dipignano became the seat of the community, from which "it depends" Cosenza, Guardia Piemontese and , where the Worship is held once a month.
On May 21, 2004 was inaugurated the new temple in Dipignano, the former church of S. Ippolito ( in the photo).

"twinned" with the Church of Messina, and served from the same dough, is instead to Reggio Calabria , on which unfortunately was not able to find no news of a historical nature, despite his great site.

INSTITUTIONS

CENTER BETHEL EVANGELICAL

rises in the Sila Piccola, at 1200 meters above sea level, between the villages Racise and Mancuso in the province of Catanzaro.
Open to all, wishes to express the relationship of evangelism with social reality of the world. In periods when there are no planned activities, the Centre is ready to welcome groups of self-administered under the conditions laid down dall'apposito regulation.

Casa Valdese

On 25 September 1983 in Guardia Piemontese Cultural Centre was inaugurated on "Gian Luigi Pascale", with an adjoining museum that is open throughout the year in 1985, was completed the " Casa Valdese "next to it, able to accommodate a dozen people in four apartments, especially in summer.

Monday, September 29, 2008

Emu Bronte Oder Stinger

I Rom con Cosma e Damiano

by Elia Fiorenza CalabriaOra - Sunday, September 28, 2008

Saints Cosmas and Damian, who keep watch on travelers

the 26th and 27th of September marks, as every year, the solemn celebration of the Saints Cosma and Damiano. Days when the popular devotion becomes evocative power and moment of pure religion, where un'interrotta prayer of supplication to join votive spiritual acts that reveal how the individual is tried by suffering, but also sustained by faith and the thirst for a merciful God. Gestures and signs that here generate questions about existence, humanity to find meaning. The eye rests on the bare feet of the pilgrims who come to the shrine dedicated to the Saints Medici feet consumed, bruised in the reality that depict the journey of life.
And then the chants, the invocations, praise, testimonies seem full of meaning, of a time that goes beyond any distance to help the soul to the promises of a fervent hope. There is a required step in everyone's life: the moment of sharing, meeting, diversity. And here, the streets of Riace that converge at the sanctuary, echoing drums, the screams, along with bright colors that cross the threshold of habit instead to capture the essence. In the crowded nooks
, suggestively the drapery slip away to give space to try to share various generations that occur along the cult of the Saints Cosmas and Damian Anargiri sounds and aspirations. As a magnetic tape and the memory is saturated wraps jerkily, with instant arrest, which coincided with the most extraordinary moments, decrypted by the wonder experienced in front of a crowd of people walking, moving, in exultation. It 's the unique and warm presence of the Gypsies, Roma and Sinti, which features with this festive atmosphere Statues on the feast of the holy Doctors. Their customs, their status vivendi so special and unusual, and those twirling their passionate folk.
Their dance captures the energy in every breath of air nell'asimmetria of their movements, the real performance of harmony caught in the laws of gravity.
They look at the world around them as they had in hand the keys to happiness. Of all ages wear this, they hide behind their gaudy costumes in shades of mauve, green, red and gold, adorned with ribbons, jewels and embroidery. This concrete statement of their identity.
this valuable An identity of the Roma, which integrates the breaking of routine, where customs and traditions converge only now complied with all sullen respectability. An identity that becomes an anthropological insight, as well as the introduction to their original culture and always fair, with authentic ager for pilgrims: the travelers passing through fields and hazards just to reach the goal fixed in advance. Nomads of the world short
which combine together to sudden changes in the nature, certain that the sacrifice brings reward. Their story is about emotions, challenges, adventures, and they meet every year to experience the miraculous feast of these saints, venerated by gypsies as their protectors and patrons, is a possibility of confrontation that recalls the colorful earth and how different among men who live there.

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Integrare è possibile

Filippone by Hilary CalabriaOra - Sunday, September 28, 2008

The model Statues "through the story of Aziz, arrived in Afghanistan
sea
He traveled alone after losing their parents. "All my family died of bomb 'in Crotone
reviewed the cousin Lucano
Mayor:" I'm not illegal, the 80 guests who received political asylum. And they are useful "



Aziz, seven years, Afghanistan has learned to mask the redness of embarrassment by bringing his hands to his face. He smiles. He messed: trial was put to write the initial of his name in lower case and the teacher corrected him. Does the second grade, sitting at the front row with Mohamed, nine years in Lebanon, and Ana, a young girl with dark skin who left Ethiopia with her brother, Thomas.
Aziz has no father or mother. Saw them die killed that day when a bomb destroyed the house. To say that is barely alive, mutilated few words in Italian: "I'm in Italy for Afghanistan problem. All my family died in the bomb, but I did not. To come here, I alone at sea, "he says.
When it landed in Calabria took him to the reception center in Crotone. There he revised his cousin, Sabiya, which for months had lost all trace. "Here he is called Sabiya, seven years old. Also from Afghanistan as me. " Sabiya and Aziz, appearance typical of the country of origin, now living in Riace. Attend the same class, the same house, same friends, same places.
"never moved away, but they have integrated well with the rest of the class," says the teacher.
Statues, a stone village that has endorsed a draft acceptance and support for immigrants prepared by the Ministry of the Interior, is well managed. The mayor, Domenico Lucano, early in the road are struggling with municipal employees. What is more substance than the form you see when you see it. No tie of order, just tired shirt and jeans, wearing as it happens it happens. Here they call him all Mimmo. And 'a man in hand, the easy smile, please remember to give him "you." But if
try asking for illegal immigrants, does not make you finish, you tow it now: "I'm not illegal, the eighty people who host requested and were granted political asylum. And 'people also useful to the local economy, thanks to them we have rediscovered the craft. In addition, with the thirty euro, the Interior Ministry gives us for each, we can ensure that all housing, food, education and legal assistance, "he explains in his office in which stand out poster of Che Guevara everywhere. Next to the mayor's
Cosimina Ierinò, a petite lady with glasses on his face healed. They know everyone in the country. Does the teacher has the task of teaching Italian to adults. Every night scorre ad alta voce le lettere dell’alfabeto con afgani, eritrei, libanesi ed etiopi. E’ di fretta, alle dieci in punto ha il corso di formazione che segue con grande attenzione. «E’ previsto dal progetto. Faccio l’alunna di giorno e l’insegnante di sera. Stamane quei signori ci spiegano l’asilo politico. Hanno deciso così: prima l’aspetto giuridico, poi ci diranno come interagire con loro». Cosimina non è la sola a prendersi cura degli immigrati.
Con lei lavora una ragazza, «un’altra operatrice del progetto» che vedi arrivare con delle buste cariche di cibo. Le è hanno affidato questa mansione. Ogni sera fa il giro delle case:«Mi lasciano la lista delle cose che gli need, so I do find them to him and the other the next day. They love our products, the Eritreans even really like the spicy, "he says. Even the few local merchants are doing their part. Still have to be welded, but have never denied food to the foreign community. "You know, by now everyone knows: the money from the ministry, even if no money safe, slow in coming. But sooner or later they cashed, never lost the public's money, "says Cosimina.
immigrants who populate Statues are fathers, mothers, sons, brothers, sisters, cousins, uncles. All have been granted refugee status. The Geneva Convention says that "the refugee is colui che temendo di essere perseguitato per motivi di razza, religione, nazionalità o appartenenza a un determinato gruppo sociale si trova fuori dal paese di cui è cittadino e non può o non vuole, a causa di questo timore, avvalersi della protezione di questo paese».
Così Lemhem, 26 anni, professione interprete, è una «rifugiata», una donna fuggita dal paese d’origine per mettersi in salvo. E’ venuta via dall’Etiopia il giorno in cui Addis Abeba decise di entrare in guerra con l’Eritrea per conservare il villaggio di Badme, un minuscolo fazzoletto di terra che non appare neppure sulla carta geografica ma che ha provocato 90 mila morti. E’ in Italia da anni, di Riace ha memorizzato every corner. Can communicate with Italian, Afghan, Lebanese, Eritrean, Ethiopian. In the last period is high on the birth of Brhane Feven, a child of color brought forth last month by his friend Negash. A mother and daughter have to find satellite television in the bedroom. "So they can learn about what is happening in Ethiopia," Lehmem ago, dark skin and slanted eyes.
tell in that country "are not passive" those of the foreign community. "Quite the contrary: socialize, read, inform, want to learn Italian." Working glass, ceramic, with the broom can produce rugs, backpacks. They work tirelessly, the desire for redemption drives many women to a double commitment, such as working and taking care of the family. How
Mohn, a woman in Lebanon that occurred this morning at the laboratory of embroidery along with his son two months, the Mahdi, which it intends to be a doctor. "He and his brothers, who are now in school, they were at sea with me and my husband," she says as you slowly move the rocking chair that supports the small Mahdi. In the stone hut in which everyone knows as the workshop of embroidery, Mohn works with Zaid and Abbheba, two black girls in Eritrea. Who have become friends have even told a journalist coming from Finland to a report on the status of immigrants. "I'm happy with them, I come to work with pleasure. Never coming to Lebanon, the war prefer Statues. "

Saturday, September 27, 2008

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Rom a Riace

From ReggioTV - Friday, September 26, 2008, 18:29

Rom: Statues in a feast for hundreds of patrons community

Statues (Reggio Calabria). Over fifteen thousand people, including hundreds of Roma have participated this morning in the traditional procession Statues of Saints Cosmas and Damian. After having participated in an intense prayer vigil, enriched by songs and dances, this morning arrived at the Roma Statues from all regions of Italy South took part in the procession of the patron saints of their communities.
The procession, as happens every year, started from the mother church of the town of Locri and then to the Shrine of Saints Cosmas and Damian, who is at a distance of about two kilometers from the center of the town of Locri.
"As happens every year - said the mayor Statues, Domenico Lucano - there has been a popular participation agreement. Ours is a religious event especially felt by the Roma arriving from all the southern regions. Riace this year to religious event is characterized by the desire for redemption of Locri, which passes through two critical national: immigration and the Roma. "

The video refers to the party in 2005

Friday, September 26, 2008

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Persecuzione dei valdesi di Calabria

again by site of the City of Guardia Piemontese.

The Gate of Blood, which was the main entrance door
the country, is so called because it is said that during the assault
in Guardia Piemontese, perpetrated by the troops of the Marquis spinel, the there blood flowed in streams

With the advent of the Spaniards in the Italian South, in the period of the Protestant Reformation, the events radically changed at the Waldensian colonies in Calabria, which until then had enjoyed the respect and protection of the local lords.
In 1532, the General Synod of Chanforan, in Val d'Angrogna, declared adherence to the Protestant Reformation of the Waldensian movement.
In Calabria, the colonies were encouraged by Waldensian Protestant pastors to embrace the public worship following the example of the members of the Piedmont valleys that some time had already decided not to hide their faith any more. The Waldenses Guard met and embraced, thanks to periodic visits from the shepherds of Valli, the new doctrine of Calvin. Driven by the enthusiasm
inviarono nel 1558, nonostante il divieto posto dal pastore Egidio Gilles, un certo Marco Uscegli a Ginevra per avere altri pastori. Da Ginevra fu mandato in Calabria un certo Gian Luigi Pascale accompagnato dallo stesso Uscegli e da altri fratelli. La predicazione di Pascale entusiasmò ancor di più i coloni fino al punto di attirare l'attenzione del Marchese Spinelli, il quale, informato degli eventi e temendo l'intervento del Sant'Uffizio, tentò dapprima di esortare Pascale e Uscegli ad abbandonare i luoghi delle loro predicazioni, quindi, resosi conto della loro assoluta determinazione nel perseguire l'opera di riforma, li fece arrestare.
Molti valdesi guardioli indignati per gli arresti accusarono il Marchese Spinelli di angherie nei loro respect to the Viceroy of Naples. It was at this point that Spinelli denounced as heretics, the gatehouse at the same Viceroy.
Pascale, Uscegli and other brothers were first transferred in the prisons of Cosenza, in Naples and then finally to Rome. Some monks tried in vain to convince Catholics Pascale and others to renounce their faith. Gian Luigi Pascale was hanged on the morning of September 16, 1560 in the square of Castel Sant'Angelo and his body was then burned. It is not known but the fate that had Uscegli.

Minutes of the death of Gian Luigi Pascale drawn up by the Brotherhood of St. John
off (the original is kept at the State Archives of Rome).
Sunday evening fifteenth day of September in about an hour at night were Sendo Giama went in Tor di Nona, where he was condemned to death Thu: Luigi Pascale Gunio of Piedmont, who had turned Lutheran treacherous nemmaj confess I hear Mass every nekando S ° ediuno precept and sacrament inquale ostinacia its sixteenth day of rest on Monday morning said he was brought to the bridge where he was abruciato feciero and the following costs. A
sachrestany factors cents and 45 p. a trip to Fachini baiocchi 15 p. a piece of wine 5 cents of that Ash Thu: Luigi Pascale ricolse not otherwise

The Viceroy of Naples, in agreement with the Grand Inquisitor, Cardinal Michele Dominican Ghislieri, the future Pope and St. Pius V, urged the governors of the provinces to "root out heresy."
The first colony to fall under the blows of the army was the viceroy of San Sisto. Many Waldenses fled but were tracked down in the woods. There were those who were executed on the spot, others were taken prisoner. The houses were destroyed and property confiscated. It was at this point that the Marquis Spinelli decided to take over the Guard, and to do so resorted to a stratagem.

is the description given by the Thomas Costa, Neapolitan and catholic:
So he tried himself master of the Guard troops without getting the puzzles. Do not have enough of its men of arms, resorted to a ruse, a trap. As lord of the places, he pretended to have to send in Sammarco fifty criminals and being sent on the day he asked them to stay in the Castle Guard and it got. The common point not be denied to the dominion of the Marquis, which is not intended to defend his life against waves of grain, knowing after the example of St. Sixtus was not to hope for mercy. Li alleged offenders were in arms Spinelli, and entered into Guard escorted by fifty kids, all under the guise of armed archibugetti wheel. Watch Those were simple people of good faith. The trick, however inorpellato, reached the goal. Fall deep night, those hundred men came out of prison and castle, rushed for homes, easily took over the place and he warned the predetermined signal Spinelli, lurking nearby with other armati.Così he would have been able to imprison the most notable of those townspeople, and give the place without opposition at the mercy of the troops.
( dell'Istoria Compendium of the Kingdom of Naples Collenuccio, Rose, and Cost. Naples, Gravier, III, 210)

was June 3, 1561. The only evidence of what happened in those days is contained in three letters written by people Montalto
In those days he set fire to the houses of Police beat the walls were cut vigne.Nei the first eleven days of the month well in June, 2000 people were killed, but not enough "we wanted to give a formal example." The prisoners were locked Guardioti piled inside a house. The morning of the 11th was the Executioner to fetch one by one the victims. Trattone what happened between his hand, tied a blindfold and menavolo in a spacious place not far from the house. You made him kneel down, with a knife cut his throat and threw him from the dead or dying was. Resumption of the bandage and then the knife, on the other repeating the same operation. In that eighty eight people were slaughtered.
(Archives, First Series, IX 163. Veggezzi propagated Letters - Ruscalla in his Cologne Piemontese in Calabria, Turin November 20, 1862)
The peepholes, still present on some doors,

were imposed by the Inquisition in order to monitor the early settlers

Of all Waldensian colonies in Calabria the only one to survive was to Guardia Piemontese, where they were gathered all pardoned in harsh conditions and under the control of the "faithful" Marquis Spinelli.
He was not allowed to marry each other, were placed on the doors of peepholes that were to remain open to allow supervisors to check that "not to abandon non-Catholic religious practices."
It was during this period to confirm its presence, the Bishop of Cosenza had built a church. The family Spinelli began building the Convent of the Dominicans and the Inquisition placed there permanently. "

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Valdesi di Calabria: alcuni caratteri

Continue, always taken by site of the City of Guardia Piemontese, this first overview on the Waldenses of Calabria.

the Occitan language
Occitania The term was coined in 1290, to define all the territories in which it was used the langue d'oc (language alternative alla lingua d'oïl e a quella del sì).
La storia di questa lingua è molto antica e va fatta risalire ai primi contatti e influssi ellenici che interessarono quest'area (che si può definire delimitata dal Mediterraneo, dai Pirenei, dall'Atlantico, dal Massiccio Centrale e dalle montagne del Delfinato).
Prepotenti furono successivamente gli influssi dell'espansione dei romani in Gallia: il latino si insinuò fortemente nella lingua occitana, modificandola soprattutto dal punto di vista verbale. Le invasioni barbariche del V e VI secolo portarono altri influssi minori.
I primi scritti in lingua occitana si ritrovano nel 900 d.C., e i primi versi dei troubadours nel 1100. Dal 1100 al 1200 la lingua occitana si diffuse in Europe also fascinated many poets, Italian and French.
One of the strongest components of Occitan culture was the strenuous opposition to the Catholic power: a factor that is strong rivalry with the papacy and the French crown. The battle was made more bitter by the concatenation of the heretic Cathar movement with the spirit of cultural autonomy Occitan. The "rebel heart of France" became a danger that the monarchy did not hesitate to get rid of, even launching a veritable crusade against the Cathars.
During 1400, many intellectuals Occitan continued to write works in their mother tongue, as finally banned by the French King Francis I in 1539. From this date the Occitan language was degraded spoken to the role of regional and categorized by linguists as a French patois in derogatory sense.
was thanks to the poet Frederic Mistral, in the second half of the 800, the Occitan language regained its dignity, being able to "resurrect" throughout the course of 900.
Very cleverly, the City Guard has a spoken vocabulary of current (guardiolo), which you can view and download on the site same.

ECONOMICS
Economically, the Waldenses of Calabria, continued to engage in those activities already practiced in the valleys of Piedmont, and especially devoted themselves to agriculture e alla pastorizia.
Tra le attività più redditizie praticate dai valdesi occorre menzionare l'allevamento del baco da seta che assieme alla lavorazione della lana costituiva la risposta al soddisfacimento di buona parte della domanda, locale e non, del mercato tessile di pregio.

USI RELIGIOSI
Dal punto di vista religioso, i valdesi esercitavano la loro fede con molta prudenza. Le loro riunioni religiose si svolgevano per lo più in abitazioni private, dove venivano lette le Sacre Scritture e si pregava recitando nel dialetto delle Valli.
Sebbene non adorassero le immagini dei Santi e della Madonna ed i loro riti potessero essere presieduti da chiunque fosse credente, seppero tenere per lungo tempo lontani i sospetti del clero, anche perché per gli atti religiosi con valore giuridico come i battesimi, i matrimoni e i funerali ricorrevano sempre alle chiese cattoliche e, inoltre, godevano della protezione dei nobili che li avevano accolti nei loro feudi per coltivarli in cambio di un canone d'affitto.
Nel caso di Guardia, il feudo che ospitava la colonia era quello di Fuscaldo di cui era proprietario il Marchese Salvatore Spinelli.

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Valdesi di Calabria: Origini

Per queste prime presentazioni degli Occitani/Valdesi di Calabria saccheggio il sito (molto ben fatto, sebbene in costruzione) del Comune di Guardia Piemontese, al quale rinvio per maggiori informazioni.

I VALDESI
Il movimento valdese, al pari di altri movimenti di rinnovamento cristiano, nasce come tentativo di riportare la Chiesa di Roma, corrotta dal potere e nei costumi, agli ideali evangelici e all'insegnamento di Gesù.
Questo movimento fu fondato in Francia, a Lione, nel 1174 ad opera di un ricco mercante, Valdès o Valdo (poi chiamato Pietro Valdo), il quale utilizzò una parte delle sue ricchezze per far tradurre le Sacre Scritture in lingua volgare.
I valdesi incominciarono a predicare gli insegnamenti di Cristo in tutta la Francia meridionale, denunciando il degradation of the Church and its immorality, until they were condemned as heretics at the Council of Verona (1184), that conviction became final in the fourth Lateran Council of 1215.
After the excommunication, their followers spread to northern Italy and from there it spread to Austria and Germany, where the anticipated movement, more than any other aspects that would later characterized the Protestant Reformation of the sixteenth century.

PIEDMONT POLICE
In red, the location for early settlement, the Waldensian
blue in other places where they live
No one knows when the Waldenses arrived in Calabria, or if they know the precise reasons.
According to some scholars, they, I came around the XIII century, driven by the need to escape persecution in act in the Piedmont valleys, according to others, and this is the best hypothesis, their arrival can be dated in the first half of the fourteenth century because of lack of employment determined by the overpopulation of the Valleys.
In Calabria the Waldenses found very fertile lands, "ABSENCE hills and plains adorned with all sorts of fruit trees such as walnuts, chestnuts, olives, etc. melangolo., And land capable of receiving all sorts of seeds, did there paying conventions a tribute to the land it has, could live apart from each other and build a community or more, and make regulations, with the power to impose cuts and to demand without being obliged to take to account nor any other permission, except to each other " (Giglio, "Istoe des Eglises rèformèes autresfois applèes Vaudoises", Geneva, 1644) .
Of all the people of the valley got regular "instrument" confirmed by the King of Naples, Ferdinand of Aragon.
The Waldenses, in addition to Guardia Piemontese (then Call La Guardia), settled in other places in the present province of Cosenza, among which should be noted: Montalto Uffugo, Vaccarizzo, San Vincenzo La Costa and San Sisto of the Waldensians.
Among these settlements, Guardia Piemontese is currently, and for a very long time, the only place where you saved the ancient Occitan language, and until not so long ago, the use of the traditional costume.
The site was chosen probably because of its elevated position (approximately 514 meters above sea level) and was walled for defensive purposes, to include the ancient watchtower built (along with many others scattered along the Tyrrhenian coast) between eleventh and twelfth centuries in advance to report the incursions of pirates and Saracens. Here's how
is described by the Guardia Vegezzi - Ruscalla in his "Colonia Piemontese in Calabria" (Ethnographic Study - Turin, 20 November 1862) :
"In the extreme part of Italy, where the great chain of the Apennines bordering on the tepid waves of the Tyrrhenian Sea, at the foot of which is called the ridge Bitonto, between a stream of Rooms Boreas and the arrival of the staircase to Austria, the territory already in ancient times, the Republic Turina and now the province of Calabria Hither, Paola district, district of Cetraro, stands upon a Montagnuolo a paesuccio that, right on the registry Statistics from the administration in 1861, there were 1517 people dedicated to the peaceful care of the fields and in a special way to the culture of silkworms. Alpestre is its territory, but will thrive well the vine, the fig tree, olive, mulberry and grain, but what makes this country better known is a hot spring in old celebrity, whose waters are a powerful remedy for nervous affections which he derived the name of the nearby village Fuscaldo (Fons Calidus). It is named City Guard, and the speech of its citizens is different from the neighborhood of Commons, as the different style of dress of women, not some rural costumenze.

Thursday, September 25, 2008

Indian Sanskrit House Names

Arbëreshe in Calabria: panoramica

From site Guzzardi - Arberia

In Calabria retain the use of Albanian language
58,435 inhabitants,
in 35 comuni:
27 in provincia di Cosenza,
5 in provincia di Catanzaro,
3 in provincia di Crotone.
Eccone l'elenco in ordine alfabetico
(diviso nelle tre province)
e con il nome in italiano e in arbëresh.

COSENZA

1 Acquaformosa Formòza
2 Castroregio Kastërnèxhi
3 Cavallerizzo Kalvarìci
5 Cerzeto Qàna
6 Civita Çifti
7 Eianina Ejanìna
8 Falconara Albanese Fallkunàra
9 Farneta Farnèta The Charterhouse
10 Firmo Stop
11 Frascineto Frasne
12 Ioggi Jòxhi
13 Lungro Ungra
14 Macchia Albanian Màqi
15 Marri Marri
16 Plataci Pllàtani
17 San Basile Shen Vasilj
18 San Benedetto Ullano Shen
19 Blindfolded Santa Caterina Albanian Picëlìa
20 San Cosmo Albanian Strigara
21 San Demetrio Corone Shen Mitri
22 St. James Shen Cerzeto Jàpku
23 St. George Albanian Mbuzi
24 San Martino di After Shen Mertìri
Santa Sofia 25 of Epirus Shen Sofia
26 Albanian Spezzano Spixàna
27 Vaccarizzo Albanian Valkarìci

CATANZARO

28 Amato Amati
29 Andali Andalla
30 Pitcher of Catanzaro Carafa
32 Marcedusa Marçëdhùza
35 Vena di Maida Vina

CROTONE

31 Carfizzi Karfici
33 Pallagorio Puhërìu
34 San Nicola dell'Alto Shën Kolli

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Arbëreshe, breve storia

Dal bel sito Vatra Arbëreshe , una breve presentazione storica dell'immigrazione degli albanesi nell'Italia meridionale e in Sicilia.

L'emigrazione albanese in italia è avvenuta in un arco di tempo che abbraccia almeno tre secoli, dalla metà del XV secolo alla metà del XVIII: si trattò in effetti di più ondate successive, in particolare dopo il 1468, anno della morte dell'eroe nazionale Giorgio Castriota Skanderberg.
Secondo una tradizione di studi storici consolidata e anche secondo studi recenti sono almeno otto migratory movements of Albanians in the Italian peninsula, which should be added last recently begun in the early nineties of 1900.
Albanians generally not settled immediately in a fixed place, but moved several times within the Italian territory, and this would also explain their presence in many Italian cities and in almost all the South.

The first migration to the years (1399 - 1409), when Calabria was devastated by the struggle between landowners and the Angevin government and Albanian groups provide their services to the military.

The second migration back to the years (1416 - 1442), when Alfonso I of Aragon used the services of Albanian noble leader Demetrius Reres, who brought with him a large following of men. The reward for his services consisted in giving, in 1448, certain areas of Calabria and his sons, Sicily, (countries of Carafe, Pellegorio, St. Nicholas and Carfizzi near Catanzaro and Piana degli Albanesi in Sicily.) .
(and still today the largest communities found in these two regions.).

The third migration dates back to the years (1461 - 1470), when Giorgio Castriota Skanderbeg, Albanian national hero who fought and rejected the Turkish invasion in 1443., Sent an expeditionary force led by the Albanian nephew who landed in Coiro Stress Barletta in 1461 to help Ferrante I of Aragon in the fight against John of Anjou, and the rebellious barons, he won a prize and received the Gargano, San Giovanni Rotondo and Trani. They rose so countries Italo-Albanian Chieuti, San Marco in Lamis, and Roccaforzata Martignano.

The fourth migration (1470 - 1478) coincided with an intensification of relations between the Kingdom of Naples and Albanian nobles, even after the wedding of a nephew of Skanderbeg and Sanseverino Prince of Bisignano and with the fall of Kruje in which 1478 came under the rule and brought about a new turkish migration to Italy, migration led by John Castriota, Scanderbeg's son, to the feuds of Soleto Galatina and the Salento peninsula. These people subsequently moved in Calabria and founded the community of San Demetrio, Macchia, San Cosmo, Vaccarizzo, San Giorgio, Santa Sofia, broken and almost all other communities in the province of Cosenza: 32 Italo-Albanian community.
In this same period there was a thriving Albanian colony in Venice and the territories subject to this.

The fifth migration (1533 - 1534) coincides with the fall of the Albanian stronghold of turkish Crowns under the control and was the last massive migration. The sixth

Migration (1664) coincides with the migration of the population of the town of Maida, rebelled against and defeated by the Turks, to Barile, already populated by Albanians before. The seventh

migration (1744) sees the inhabitants Chimaroti, from Pikernion not far from Saranda in southern Albania, take refuge in Villa Abbess (the province of Pescara) Abruzzo. The eighth

Migration (1774) sees a group of Albanians fled to Brindisi di Montagna, in Basilicata. The ninth

migration is taking place today.

Wednesday, September 24, 2008

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Calabria arcobaleno

In post I have outlined briefly above, the early history of peoples and nations of the overlap in Calabria , to delineate the division between Calabria and Hither again.
now continues the historical overview: current dwelling on appearances.

Along with Greeks and Latins, numerori other peoples arrived in our land, some for easy assimilation, others continue to live there, and others went away or were expelled.

The myth tells of Aschenez, great-grandson of Noah, who arrived in Reggio found: a legend that refers to old acquaintances East (probably Phoenician) but left no traces.
But among the Semites, from the earliest centuries of Christianity came the Jews, whose numbers (and hunted amid continuing falls, forced conversions and spontaneous return to the faith of the Fathers) economic and cultural influence grew together until the final expulsion of 1541. Traces remain today in many customs in family and variously distributed. Even
Arab populated Calabria from the eighth century, and although for the most part were limited to raids and depredations, they found emirates (Amantea, Santa Severina, Squillace) that lasted several decades, and Their presence remains in the family, in many words, idioms ( you Dddiu flies, flies Community Ddiu = inshallah ) and perhaps in a certain attitude character marked by the resignation.
of the Jews today there are only isolated appearances, and will be the difficult work of rebuilding a community, however, there is the community of Reformed Rabbi Barbara Aiello, who opened a synagogue in Serrastretta.
The Arabs are now returning, not as invaders but as immigrants, but this is another historical phenomenon, which poses many different problems, and whose outcome we can see from the earliest decades.
Beside them, in some countries there is a settlement of small groups of Kurds, landed here in flight from war and misery.

With the Byzantine armies came too Slavs (particularly in Bulgaria, or at least that was the name that was given to them, although they were probably of different origin) and the Armenians, the most numerous are the traces of the latter, although the ones and the others have ended up be quickly assimilated.
Now there is again a return (which are analogous to those of the Arabs, and that puts more or less the same problems), especially Ukrainians, Russians and Belarusians, and with them the Latins of the East, the Romanians, which the Patriarchate has also assumed the regency of the Monastery of St. John Theristis, then returning with them is the presence of Orthodox Christians, having never missed, however, the Byzantine rite, thanks to the Albanians joined the Catholic Church.

with the Albanians ( arbresh , Arbëreshë ) we arrive at what is the largest minority of the Calabria etnicolinguistica, present throughout the South and in Sicily, but especially in our land, where he also established one of the two bishops of the Eastern Rite (the other is in Piana degli Albanesi).
They come in several waves since the fifteenth to the eighteenth century, also called by Durazzo, for a period reigned in Naples from the rapid and forced the Turkish invaders, and preserved their religion, their traditions and (mostly although nowadays to be smaller than the past and some countries have lost consciousness of their origin, fortunately we are now witnessing a rediscovery of traditional heritage) their language.
are installed in all provinces, excluding the current one of Vibo Valentia, Reggio and only Casalnuovo, a part of Africa, where, however, have disappeared.
Even in the case of the Albanians (like Arabs and Slavs) there is a return, obviously different from that of the past.

In the thirteenth century came from Piedmont, from the valleys on the border with France, the Waldensian Occitanica of religion, who find safe haven in the possibility of cultivating the land and carry the small craft in the Middle Tirreno Cosentino; with the Counter Reformation and the Inquisition ended their peace, and thousands were massacred shamefully.
The few who survived, forced conversion, still maintain their customs and their language only in Guardia Piemontese (formerly Guardia Lombarda).
Again today there are some small groups Waldenses in Calabria, but it is not Occitan, but of Calabrian (Revenge of the story) have been converted.

From the sixteenth century, however there are the Roma (gypsies), which often are integrated with the rest of the population, among whom he exercised the profession of tinkers, Rama, and horsemen.
change the social conditions, unfortunately, have changed their habits of life, with the problems that we all know, the thousand and prejudices that surround them.

A mention should be made in the presence of the Chinese, who arrive here as in every part of Italy, though (yet?) In small number, given to small businesses, as street vendors are mostly devoted some Africans.

Finally, from a religious point of view, as well as Catholic Christians (of Latin and Byzantine rite), Waldensian and Orthodox faiths and other immigrants, one must observe the growth of other Christian groups, especially Pentecostals and Jehovah's Witnesses.