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reasonable man

According to Max Weber

the elements that gave rise to the enormous development of Western societies, and therefore
to capitalism, are: the rational sustainable enterprise, rational accounting, rational technology, rational law the
, the 'rational attitude, a rationalization of life conduct, el' rational economic ethos (1) .
The consequence is that even in the context of civil liability, the legal system, in accordance with the theory in question, claimed that the man to take reasonable conduct, or conduct designed to prevent injury to himself and to other associates.
Consequently, if a person does not act in a reasonable manner the cost of the accident falls entirely on him, the reasonableness is the key to understanding how the allocation of costs in our legal system.
To act reasonably is not enough to do the best we could, perform the same attitude which a reasonable man in similar circumstances (2).
At this point one wonders what is meant by reasonable man? The doctrine has changed the situation of the Italian good father comparing it to the reasonable man , or a figure that fits the circumstances, that is reasonable motorist, pedestrian reasonable, reasonable representative, et cetera (3)
... If you look towards the Anglo-Saxon countries, the same criterion of the rational, is made in England to coincide with the expression Clapham Omnibus, or the shape, mold Romanistic, good family man, while in the U.S., the courts have called it "man carrying the newspapers at home and in the evening pushes the sleeves cut herbs shirt " (4).
However, as a result of these assumptions, you can raise some objections to the three theories mentioned above, In fact it seems that our legal system, that models common law does not consider the subject which has characteristics different from those of the ordinary man or reasonable, and that, consequently, if a person takes a different approach from those provided by the standard of care will have to bear the cost of the accident has caused, or the damage that was caused (5). Suppose, for
. es. danger that a pedestrian on the sidewalk and that they will give priority to the driver, however, the subject, last decided to cross the street and ends up under the wheels of the vehicle.
At first glance, we can consider that the pedestrian, as he held a different approach from that of the rational, should bear the cost of the damage that was caused.
If, however, assume that the pawn because of a disability physical, mental, or seniority, could not have been acting in a manner equal to that of the rational, the cost of the accident in any case will fall on him ?
The answer is not simple, as necessary, in the absence of agreement between the parties, the conduct of a civil trial in which the court must ascertain the intent or fault, the injustice of the damage and the causal link, only at this point as to who will determine allocare il costo del pregiudizio.
Proprio in tal senso, l’ analisi economica del diritto ci offre la possibilità di comprendere, in maniera più agevole, le conseguenze delle scelte adottate dal legislatore o dalla corte e suggerirci quali rimedi si possono applicare a questi problemi.
L’analisi economica del diritto è una disciplina che utilizza gli strumenti della microeconomia per valutare l’efficienza allocativa delle norme giuridiche; il suo obiettivo fondamentale è di valutare se le norme contribuiscano alla massimizzazione del benessere collettivo.
A questo punto, tornando al caso del pedone, possiamo proporre il test di ragionevolezza proposto da Hand , ovvero si paragonano costi e benefici di un determinato comportamento con i costi e i benefici del comportarsi in maniera diversa, se nel realizzare il bilanciamento un comportamento viene ritenuto ragionevole, tale giudizio non muterà nel caso in cui si verificherà una conseguenza non voluta (6).

Note:

(1) M. Weber, Storia economica , Donzelli Editore, Roma, 2007, cit. pg 260 ss.

(2) G. Calabresi, Il dono dello spirito maligno , Giuffrè, 1996, cit. pg 36 ss

(3) P. G. Monateri, La responsabilità civile , Utet, 1998, in the Treaty of Civil Law, edited by Rodolfo Sacco, pg. 61 ff.

(4) G. Calabresi, The gift of the evil spirit , Giuffrè, 1996, cit. pg 37 ff.

(5) G. Calabresi, The gift of the evil spirit , Giuffrè, 1996, cit. pg 37 ff.

(6) G. Calabresi, The gift of the evil spirit , Giuffrè, 1996, cit. pg 69 ff.

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